Modeling and Control of Wind Energy Conversion System with Battery Energy Storage for Power Regulation

Abstract

The integration of renewable energy sources into modern power systems has become essential to meet growing energy demands while reducing environmental impacts. Among various renewable resources, wind energy offers significant potential; however, its variable and unpredictable nature creates challenges in maintaining a stable power supply. To address these issues, this paper proposes a Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) integrated with a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) for effective power regulation and improved system reliability. The proposed configuration consists of a wind turbine, self-excited induction generator, power electronic conversion stages, and a battery storage unit operating under coordinated control. An optimum tip speed ratio-based Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) strategy is employed to maximize energy extraction from the available wind resource, while pitch angle control is incorporated to ensure safe turbine operation under high wind conditions. A PI-based control scheme is implemented to maintain DC-link voltage stability and facilitate efficient power management. The complete system is developed and analyzed using MATLAB/Simulink under varying wind speed conditions. Simulation results indicate that the proposed approach effectively smooths power fluctuations, maintains voltage regulation, and supports continuous energy delivery through controlled battery charging and discharging operations. The study demonstrates that integrating battery storage with wind energy systems significantly enhances operational stability, power quality, and overall energy utilization efficiency.

Introduction

The text discusses the challenges of wind energy systems and the role of battery storage and advanced control techniques in improving stability and reliability. Although wind energy is a clean and widely available renewable source, its output is highly variable due to changing wind speeds, which leads to power fluctuations, voltage instability, and reliability issues, especially in standalone systems.

To address these problems, the study proposes integrating a Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) with a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS). The battery stores excess energy during high wind conditions and supplies power during low wind periods, ensuring continuous and stable energy delivery. The system also uses key control strategies such as Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for optimal energy extraction, pitch angle control for turbine protection during high wind speeds, and PI-based DC-link voltage regulation for stable power output.

The system is modeled and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and includes components such as a wind turbine, Self-Excited Induction Generator (SEIG), rectifier, DC–DC converter, and battery storage unit. Simulation results show that the integrated WECS-BESS system effectively reduces power fluctuations, improves voltage regulation, enhances system stability, and provides reliable power for standalone applications.

Conclusion

This paper presented the modeling and control of a Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) integrated with a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) for regulated power delivery under varying wind conditions. The proposed system incorporated a Self-Excited Induction Generator (SEIG), AC–DC rectifier, DC–DC buck converter, MPPT control, pitch angle control, and battery energy storage for effective energy management. The complete system was developed and analyzed using MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation results demonstrated that the MPPT controller successfully maximized wind energy extraction, while the battery storage system effectively compensated for power fluctuations through controlled charging and discharging operations. The PI-based controller maintained DC-link voltage stability, ensuring reliable power transfer and improved system performance. The obtained results confirm that the proposed WECS-BESS configuration enhances power regulation, system stability, and reliability, making it suitable for standalone renewable energy applications.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2026 Panduga Vishwa Sai, Dr. M. T. Naik. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.